Relación entre el contexto familiar, social y el deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores vinculados a dos instituciones de la ciudad de Cali [2020].

Abstract

The present research aims to establish the relationship between the family and social context and cognitive impairment in older adults linked to two institutions in the city of Cali (2020). To meet the objective of the study, it is developed under a quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional approach, taking as the population adults over 60 years of age, the evaluation instrument is the "Mini Mental State Examination" (MMSE) and the scale of Gijón socio-family assessment (original version Gonzaléz et al). The data collected are tabulated in Microsoft Excel and an analysis is performed with descriptive statistics, standard deviation and dispersion measures through the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The sample consisted of 49 older adults. The population participating in the study ranges from 65 to 89 years of age, there is a predominance of the female gender; the majority were in basic secondary level, had family and social contact. A correlation is made between cognitive impairment, social context and family context, so it can be affirmed with statistical evidence that there is no significant relationship between family and social context and cognitive impairment, which obtained a significance value of 0.81 (p > 0.05). It should be noted that the environment and cognitive deterioration can become determining factors, since the probability that the elderly will try to present alterations of an emotional nature such as depression and of a physical nature such as chronic diseases increases if there is no family, social support.