Impactos de los sistemas de gestión ambiental ISO 14001:2015 en el sector industrial

Abstract

The purpose of this review article is to know how The Environmental Management System ISO 14001:2015 have generated an impact when implemented, analyzing the main motivations, impacts, environmental risks to mitigate, benefits and results, in the industries that adopt this standard to its production and commercialization processes, the Environmental Management System aims to serve the support for the prevention of environmental pollution, protect the environment and environmental performance, in balance with the three pillars of sustainable development, in addition to helping companies optimize resources to after taking advantage of inputs, supporting the creation of environmental awareness within organizations and generating sustainable production processes. This document is constructed with thirty articles of review and research articles published in the database of the Santiago de Cali University, where the different motivations that led a group of industries (services, distribution and trade, material energy and electrical equipment, metallurgy and steel, paper, meat, manufacturing, chemical and mechanical industry, agriculture and pharmaceutical industry) to implement an Environmental Management System were made known, some motivations that drive the implementation of the norm in organizations, such as political, ethical, economic, commercial, competitive, innovation, final disposal of waste, among others. This review article also addresses the impacts, risks, results and benefits that come with the implementation of the ISO 14001:2015 standard, through the experience documented in other articles related to this topic. In the impacts of the industries (sugar, cement plant, health, transportation, coal) reviewed, it was possible to identify the discharge of wastewater, solid waste, water and energy consumption, air pollution and within the risks reference is made to the damage of human health, decrease of resources, damages to the flora and fauna, climate change and global warming. Publicizing also the results and benefits of the implementation of an Environmental Management System.