Impacto económico en Colombia de la caída de los precios del petróleo 2014-2017

Abstract

The general objective of this research is to know the economic impact of the fall in oil prices in Colombia. To carry out the work plan, a type of descriptive methodology was used, because first it was sought to specify the important properties of a global phenomenon that caused a series of negative consequences for the economy of the country. As fundamental instruments, causes and effects of the problem were identified. It was possible to know which characteristics in the matter of productive units own the country, and later to evaluate in detail the different impacts in the Colombian economy. As a result it was observed that the impacts generated by the collapse of oil, in the country's economy, significantly affected the growth of national GDP, especially in the period 2014-2017. This is explained because Colombia, is a highly dependent country on Hydrocarbons sector and cannot be shielded against a negative scenario like the price drop of the so-called black gold. Therefore, by perceiving less pesos per dollar, significantly increased the Fiscal deficit, in order to supply this income, the Government ruling at that moment, was obliged to implement a tax reform, which generated many negative consequences at a socioeconomic level. In conclusion, the impact was reflected in the behavior of macroeconomic variables, having as a result a weak growth in national GDP. Additionally, it could be said that Colombia is strongly suffering the effects of this global phenomenon, because it has not developed an important plan that allows it to diversify productive units.