Evaluación de la factibilidad técnica, económica y ambiental en la elaboración de bloquelón para el sistema de losas aligeradas a partir del aprovechamiento de residuos de construcción, demolición (RCD) y poliestireno expandido (EPS).

Abstract

The human activities of development and urban remodeling have generated during the last century an incalculable number of construction and demolition waste which end up in places unfit for its final disposition, generating negative impacts to Environment and the landscape environment, for this reason the main object of this case study is the evaluation of technical, economic and environmental feasibility in the elaboration of bloquelón for the lightened slab system from the use of waste from Construction and Demolition (RCD) and expanded polystyrene (EPS), for this purpose, 4 types of mortar mixtures with proportions of RCD, EPS and cement were evaluated respectively; M1:(3.5/0.5/1), M2:(4/0.5/1) M3:(5/0.5/1) and MC:(5/0/1), the optimal water/cement ratio was 0,4, obtained as compression resistance results at 28 days average M1:9.33 MPa, M2:6.33 MPa , M3:4.33 MPa and MC: 9.33 MPa, being M2 the most optimal proportion in compliance with requirements of the NTC 4076 and a lower cost of production. Regarding the economic feasibility the Bloquelón brick presented a direct production cost of $2,108, with an average of 44.7% cheaper than the bloquelón of cooked clay. As for the environmental feasibility, the Bloquelón based on RCD and EPS resulted with a higher CO2 emission to the atmosphere, a 48% higher, due to high CO2 emissions from the manufacture of Portland cement, however this does not take away from the importance to environmental to reuse 6.26 kg of RCD and 0.013 kg of EPS for each Bloquelón unit manufactured whit this technique.