Análisis del tratamiento y aprovechamiento de llantas usadas revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

The tires currently used represent an ecological, environmental and health problem in the different cities of Colombia, as a result of the inadequate final destination given to these pieces, because many are deposited in ravines or wastelands, others incinerated in spaces open sky and those that are recycled are not fully utilized. To cover this problem, a bibliographic review is presented in order to analyze the treatments and uses applied in the reuse and management in some places of the Colombian territory, whose objective is to identify some benefits and advantages, which contribute to generate a positive environmental impact, In addition to the economic one, which would be reflected with the reception of these processes in the industry, where we can denote some of their possible uses in the field of metallurgical, textile and construction, as well as taking into account that this material not only has benefits For this sector, it is also used for the development of recreational entertainment spaces. The above focuses on the maximum use of this recycled product, minimizing the impact of pollution on the environment and impact on human health that can be generated by improper waste management, preventing them from ending up in sites such as wastewater channels or public spaces. It was also found that in other Latin American and European countries they use strategies for decontamination and use of rubber tires. There are studies, projects and strategies have been proposed to implement processes that allow for the best reuse. Colombia is becoming aware and showing great attention in this area, providing support for the formulation of new ideas that allow the use, decontamination and improvement for environmental sustainability, based on the ISO 14001: 2015 standard for companies that carry out these activities, which establishes through an Environmental Management System to comply with requirements that contribute to the protection of the environment and respond to its changes, always maintaining a socio-economic balance. Companies have the responsibility and commitment to achieve the stipulated results referred to in the standard. through continuous improvement, compliance with environmental objectives and obligations, to thereby determine the impact and identify the risks and opportunities. This standard works according to the PHVA method, which consists of planning, doing, verifying and acting, which in other words is defined as establishing objectives, developing processes, monitoring and measuring to adopt improvement actions. By complying with the guidelines, it is possible to prevent or mitigate the environmental impacts caused by the activities carried out by organizations, as well as to support those that contribute to the improvement in environmental performance.