Influencia del tratado de libre comercio Estados Unidos – Colombia en la importación del maíz blanco y amarillo desde el 2014 al 2017

Abstract

With the completion of this work, it is intended to publicize the influence of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the United States and Colombia, according to the analysis performed on the import of white and yellow corn during the periods between 2014 and 2017, it is intended to detail the advantages and disadvantages, the levels of production, consumption, importation and prices of corn after the signing of the FTA with the United States of America, through the collection of various data declared in reports and articles, tables were prepared , which allowed to conclude since the entry into force the maize sector has increased both its harvest and manufacture of the product, as well as the yield; however, they cannot stop the entry of cereals that are imported and that most of the time, keep prices lower than those produced nationwide, with very low or almost invalid taxes of 2 million tons of cereal for corn importers. 82% of the corn consumed is of foreign origin mainly from the United States. With the United States - Colombia free trade agreement, a yield increase of 17.2% (3.9 tons per hectare) and in the cultivated areas (672,457 hectares) of traditional corn, its percentage improved by 24.5%, it is also worthwhile that the production of technified corn was decreasing between 2014 and 2017, its cultivation areas and the production of total corn (36.78 ha), yellow (13 ha) and white (49.78 ha), according to some verified records, the Corn prices have decreased in uses factories food that use this cereal as raw material; since they have obtained the same quantity of the product at a lower price. Situation that harms producers, since they must offer corn at the same value as imported corn or even a lower value thereof; perceiving a lower profit, which generates loss of incentives in the national corn crop and industry.