Efectividad de una intervención educativa para cuidadores de pacientes con hospitalización domiciliaria

Abstract

Home care is defined as the set of biopsychosocial activities performed by an interdisciplinary team, the literature shows mixed educational interventions are effective when it includes content of promotion, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, to detect, support and monitor the problems of both health, as social user and family, all in order to enhance autonomy and improve the quality of life of the patient. When we talk about home care we must take into account that there are two types of primary caregivers, the family member in charge of the patient who is almost totally given to the care of the patient, we also speak of a secondary caregiver who is the people closest to the patient. Patient and their relatives or, failing that, a person trained in the area of health, whose function is to be a support network or substitution, and have an economic remuneration. According to all this it is important to implement educational programs which increase the skills of care and implement strategies to improve participation in decision-making, approach to patient care and its different characteristics depending on the respiratory disease it presents. The main objective of the research was to identify the effectiveness of an educational intervention carried out one year for secondary caregivers of patients with home hospitalization, since care skills are not generated spontaneously, but all professionals as a group multidisciplinary has as a duty to provide guidance in almost all the necessary cities to promote the evolution of patients, optimize resources in home care decrease hospital readmissions to health care institutions and have cost effectiveness for these institutions, thus reducing excessive spending by a new hospitalization or patient complication associated with poor care management at home. Demonstrating to institutions the importance of implementing education programs to strengthen the knowledge and skills of workers, without leaving behind the periodic monitoring, control and evaluation of educational activities to measure the adherence of treatment to the patient and the Program.