Alternativas para el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos: revisión de literatura

Abstract

In the world, the management of solid waste has represented a problem due to the high volumes generated; when the management of these is not adequate, it can affect the health of citizens and the environment. Currently a large percentage of the world population uses traditional fuels for domestic use, despite the important socio-economic and technological development. Thus, it is necessary to find alternative sources of energy before all fossil fuel reserves are exhausted, in addition to finding a solution to the growing production and elimination of solid municipal waste, one of the most viable is adopting the waste system to energy (WTE) that can be considered as a potential source of alternative energy, which is economically viable and environmentally sustainable. The present study reviewed the current global scenario of technological options of WTE (incineration, pyrolysis, gasification, anaerobic digestion and filling with gas recovery) for the effective recovery of energy and all the challenges faced by developed countries and development path. This review will help policymakers and implementing authorities involved to improve policies and protocols used in waste disposal. This review concluded that WTE is a possible source of renewable energy, which will partly cover the demand for energy and guarantee an adequate management of solid municipal waste