Reacciones adversas a medicamentos en una Empresa Social del Estado de la ciudad de Cali durante los años 2010-2011

Abstract

This descriptive study was carried out utilizing the adverse drug reaction (reacciones adversas a medicamentos [RAM]) database of a state health-care facility (Empresa Social del Estado [ESE]) at Cali, Colombia during 2010 and 2011. A total of 38 patients with adverse drug reaction reported by the physicians of this health-care facility were included. The medical team and paramedics play a vital part in the success of safety supervision of medication, to reduce the incidence of RAM occurrences that result in patient harm and to decrease administrative expenses. This study revealed that most of the adverse drug reactions were observed in women (70%). Antibiotics (antibioticos [ATB]) in 2010 (36.7%) and in 2011 (50%) was recurrently reported reaction. Parenteral injection was reported to generate highest number of reactions (50%). In addition, in 2010 (46.7%) and in 2011 (50%), most RAM were observed in the dermatology department, which included the following commonly reported reactions: hives, rash, and pruritus. Likewise, the study revealed underreporting of RAMs (2nd grade level), despite the lack of information in patient registration forms. Finally, this investigation uncovered that antibiotics and cutaneous skin reactions were the most commonly RAM reported by healthcare professionals.