Estrategias de promoción y prevención para la salud respiratoria desde la participación social

Abstract

Introduction: The rural population that faces socioeconomic vulnerability, with environmental and health risks, requires intervention with preventive-promotional programs for respiratory health. Objective. Characterize a rural population of Cali with a perspective from the social determinants, and review strategies for promotion and prevention. Materials and Methods. Mixed studio. Quantitative component of observational design and cross-sectional analysis of a survey that in 2019 used as an instrument the family characterization sheet of the Primary Health Care program of the Ministry of Public Health. Another component was a literature review regarding educational strategies for respiratory health. Results. 53.3% of the 90 respondents are women, more than 80% of the population has social security in health, only 16% of young people attend promotion and prevention programs; risk behaviors and unhealthy lifestyles are found, only 30% of people are physically active, and smoking is found as a harmful habit. Strategies in promotion and prevention that promote respiratory health from social participation are presented, focusing on solidarity support through a community network of self-care. Conclusions: The modification of unhealthy habits is related to adequate health education. In the prevention of respiratory conditions it is important to know the relationship between smoking and lung cancer. The strategies of promotion and prevention in health benefit the groups from the social participation.