Análisis de la aplicación del sistema de gestión ambiental en relación con el manejo de residuos sólidos de las empresas químicas básica colombiana y químicos del cauca

Abstract

Química Básica Colombiana (QBC) and Químicos Del Cauca (QDC) are companies in the industrial chemical sector that produce basic chemicals as raw materials, used by other national and international industries in the production of various products. For the proper management of their environmental risks, companies have implemented an Environmental Management System (EMS) certified in the ISO 14001 standard, but it presents deficiencies regarding solid waste management. As to date there is no bibliographic evidence on the realization of a study of the management of solid waste to the companies QBC and QDC contextualized in the EMS, it was decided to carry out the present work in order to analyze the application of the EMS in relation to the solid waste management. For this purpose, an investigation was carried out on the management of solid waste through observations of the place, documents and company records, collection of photographic evidence, review of the audits carried out (2017 to 2019), evaluation of the solid waste generated by the organization and the application and analysis of a survey on the perception of employees regarding EMS. As a result of this research, the elements of the EMS that affect the correct management of solid waste were established (temporality of the environmental aid, insufficient environmental culture and source reduction, traditional training method, among others) and, from there, some strategies were proposed solution among which stands out the proposal of a training-type process that allows staff to develop their competence, leading to the improvement of the EMS in the proper management of solid waste