Barreras de transición y beneficios de la norma OHSAS 18001 a la ISO 45001 en las PYMES

Abstract

Since 1800, the first workplace safety standards were born due to multiple accidents, where the most affected were women and children, these standards seek to reduce absenteeism through the reduction of accidents and incidents that may occur in an environment labor. In 1830 Robert Backer made a proposal for the visit of medical personnel to factories to care for workers, women and children. At present, companies that seek to be more productive must establish organizational policies and objectives, be communicated and make them available to all the organization's personnel, they can also use a method of compensation for attendance or automate absences with a fingerprint, with This will help decrease absenteeism. Until 2015, the international standard was OHSAS 18001.However, since 2018, ISO 45001 (International Organization of Standardization) has been accepted as the new international standard. This research aims to collect the barriers and benefits that SME companies have in Colombia in the transition from OHSAS 18001 to ISO 45001 to obtain their certification, taking into account that these companies constitute a large percentage of the productive sector in this country. . Therefore, in order to achieve this objective, 6 stages were developed: revision of the standard, differences between the OHSAS 18001 and ISO 45001 standards, key points of the ISO 45001 standard, benefits with the implementation of the ISO 45001 standard, cases of application of ISO 45001 and the compilation of transition barriers between one standard and another. With the research carried out, 5 different barriers were found that affect SME companies, thus evidencing that the main barrier that organizations have is the economic difficulty that reduces the resources of these companies to obtain their certification, which may arise due to the situation of the country or due to difficulties in acquiring money from financial institutions. Similarly, 7 benefits were identified that the implementation of the ISO 45001 standard brings to companies, employees, customers and society.